Pneumonia, also known as “walking pneumonia”, is a growing concern in Quebec, due to a recent rise in the number of cases. While this respiratory infection is generally less serious than other forms of pneumonia, it deserves special attention because of its more discreet symptoms, the difficulty of its diagnosis and the ability of certain pathogens to spread rapidly. In this article, we’ll explore what atypical pneumonia is, its symptoms, its causes, and what Quebecers can do to protect themselves.
What is atypical pneumonia?
Pneumonia is a form of lung infection distinguished by symptoms that are less characteristic than those of classic pneumonia. While “traditional” pneumonia is often caused by common bacteria such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, atypical pneumonia is generally linked to less common pathogens, such as Mycoplasma pneumoniae, viruses such as influenza, or bacteria such as Chlamydia pneumoniae and Legionella pneumophila.
The main difference between atypical pneumonia and classic pneumonia lies in the presentation of symptoms. Pneumonia is characterized by a persistent dry cough, moderate fever, muscle aches and sometimes breathing difficulties. These symptoms, often more discreet, can be easily confused with those of other benign respiratory infections, making diagnosis more complex.
A worrying rise in cases in Quebec
In Quebec, as in many other regions, there is currently an increase in cases of atypical pneumonia. Although this form of pneumonia is not always as serious as other forms, the rise in cases raises questions and warrants increased surveillance. The winter period, marked by an increase in the number of respiratory infections, seems particularly conducive to the spread of this disease.
Although pneumonia is not systematically dangerous, it can lead to complications, particularly in vulnerable people such as the elderly, young children, people with chronic illnesses or those with weakened immune systems. These populations are more likely to develop severe forms of the disease. It is therefore crucial to pay particular attention to the appearance of persistent or atypical symptoms.
Why is this rise in cases so worrying?
Pneumonia can lead to serious complications, especially if not diagnosed and treated promptly. Because its symptoms are often mild and similar to those of the flu or a common cold, many patients do not seek immediate medical treatment. This delay in treatment can increase the risk of complications, including severe respiratory difficulties, heart problems or even widespread infection in rare cases.
Another concern is the difficulty in diagnosing this form of pneumonia. Because the symptoms are less obvious than those of classic pneumonia, it can be easy to confuse pneumonia with other, more common respiratory infections. As a result, many cases go undetected in their early stages, which can lead to a worsening of the illness before an accurate diagnosis is made.
Symptoms to watch out for
The symptoms of pneumonia are often less striking, which can make the disease difficult to recognize without a thorough medical examination. Here are the main signs to look out for:
- Dry cough: This is one of the most common symptoms of pneumonia. Unlike a productive cough (with mucus), this cough is dry and can last several days.
- Moderate fever: Fever is generally lower than in classic pneumonia, but remains a sign of infection.
- Muscle aches and fatigue: As with influenza, pneumonia can cause severe fatigue and muscle aches.
- Respiratory difficulties: Although these symptoms are often mild at first, respiratory problems may develop as the infection progresses.
- Headaches: Headaches and chest pain are also symptoms that can be associated with this infection.
If you experience several of these symptoms and they persist for more than a few days, it’s advisable to consult a healthcare professional for a precise diagnosis.
Pneumonia transmission in Quebec
Atypical pneumonia is generally transmitted by air, i.e. by droplets released when an infected person coughs or sneezes. Poorly-ventilated, enclosed spaces encourage the spread of the pathogens responsible for this infection. This is why, in winter, SARS spreads more easily, particularly in schools, offices and hospitals.
When should you see a doctor?
With cases on the rise in Quebec, it’s crucial to see a doctor if you have persistent symptoms of atypical pneumonia. Although the disease may seem benign at first, a rapid diagnosis is essential to avoid complications.
A healthcare professional can perform a clinical examination, prescribe blood tests, a chest X-ray and, if necessary, a PCR test to identify the causative pathogen. Appropriate treatment can then be put in place to manage the infection before it leads to complications.
Treatment of pneumonia
Treatment of pneumonia depends on the pathogen involved. If the infection is viral, antivirals may be prescribed. For bacterial infections, on the other hand, specific antibiotics may be prescribed by your doctor or IPS. Most people recover without major complications thanks to appropriate treatment, but in more serious cases, hospitalization may be necessary.
How can I protect myself?
Pneumonia prevention is based on simple but effective measures:
- Regular hand washing: This basic measure is one of the most effective in preventing the transmission of respiratory infections.
- Avoid confined spaces: Air rooms regularly and avoid crowded areas if you are ill or in contact with someone who is.
- Get vaccinated: Although there is no vaccine against SARS, vaccination against influenza, pneumococcus or respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) can reduce the risk of contracting other respiratory problems.
- Consult a doctor early if symptoms persist: If you experience persistent respiratory symptoms, consult a doctor quickly for early diagnosis and treatment.
Although not always as serious as other forms of pneumonia, the recent rise in cases in Quebec deserves our full attention. Symptoms, which are often more discreet, can lead to a delay in diagnosis, increasing the risk of complications. For vulnerable people, such as the elderly, young children or those with pre-existing health problems, this form of pneumonia can be particularly risky. By taking simple preventive measures and consulting a healthcare professional promptly in the event of persistent symptoms, you can limit the risks and ensure prompt, effective treatment.
Consult a healthcare professional for a thorough evaluation of your symptoms. Priveo Santé offers minor emergency consultations to examine and treat your respiratory symptoms. Book an appointment today at one of our clinics in Laval or Longueuil. You can reach us by phone at 1-855-776-7748 or book online at www.priveosante.com/reservation.
