Dyspareunia

Common causes include endometriosis, vaginal infections, vaginal dryness, physical trauma, hormonal changes associated with menopause, and pelvic floor muscle tension. Psychological factors such as anxiety or past trauma can also contribute to this condition.

Diagnosis usually includes a full gynecological examination, a detailed medical history, and sometimes imaging studies such as pelvic ultrasound. Laboratory tests may be necessary to rule out certain infections or hormonal conditions.

Treatment depends on the underlying cause and may include anti-inflammatory drugs, local hormone creams, pelvic physiotherapy or relaxation exercises. In some cases, psychological follow-up may be beneficial. The therapeutic approach is tailored to the needs of each patient.

Yes, some STIs can cause or contribute to dyspareunia. Infections such as chlamydia, genital herpes or HPV can cause inflammation and pain during intercourse. Regular screening is recommended for sexually active people.

Menopause is indeed a frequent cause of dyspareunia, due to the decrease in estrogen which leads to vaginal dryness and thinning of vaginal tissue. These changes can make intercourse uncomfortable or painful.

A thorough medical assessment can usually distinguish between physical and psychological causes. Pain of physical origin is often constant and reproducible on examination, whereas psychological causes can vary according to context and emotional state.

Although less common in men, male dyspareunia does exist. It can be caused by infections, prostate inflammation, dermatological problems or urological disorders. A medical consultation is necessary for an accurate diagnosis.

It's advisable to seek help as soon as pain becomes regular or persistent, affecting your sex life or general well-being. Early attention can often prevent symptoms from worsening, and ensure more effective treatment.

Tension or weakness of the perineal muscles can cause or aggravate dyspareunia. These disorders can lead to muscle spasms, pain on penetration and increased sensitivity. Pelvic physiotherapy is often effective in treating these muscle problems.

Pelvic physiotherapy uses a variety of techniques to relax and strengthen pelvic floor muscles, improve blood circulation and reduce muscle tension. It can include specific exercises, relaxation techniques and manual therapies tailored to each patient.